Indonesia with a past history of a powerful nation of the
history of the kingdom of Majapahit which controls up to almost the entire
region of Southeast Asia. After Kingdom of Majapahit the next glory of
Indonesia in 1980s in the Orde baru era. 1998 was the beginning of the history
of the Reformation era and the start of democratic Indonesia. Democracy in the
reform period is expected to be a solution and bridge the aspirations of the
people of Indonesia from the Sumatra Island to Papua Island. Indonesia is a
country that is praised for its success in running a democracy with the
background of this state is the majority religion is moeslem but did not end up
the same as the country of Syria, Iraq, and Egypt.
There are three things that make this country can survive
in the past the difficult era there are ethnic identities, local wisdom and mutual aid Societies or “Gotong royong”
to survive until today. Samawa is the one
endegoneous ethnic in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB). Ethnic
identity as the main characteristics of Samawa tribe, an egalitarian society
that easy in adapting the new
development in Globalization era. "Samawa mampis Rungan" means
Sumbawa brought news scented or fragrant Sumbawa meaning that people really
wanted to present the good news and the peace of the land of Sumbawa. That is
important to maintain Sumbawa culture under the role of culture based
Development.
Local
wisdom is the identity from our ancestor. Sumbawa people famous as the land of
honey with honey production as much as 125,000 tons/year. There is a local
wisdom in Batudulang Community are protecitng of boan trees (Tetrames nudlifora),
according of the community it’s the Boan trees a log chosed by bees to built
uap it’s hive. They called Boan trees Because The trees have a lot of beehive,
If there is only one beehive, we do not called it as Boan. but in Sumbawa
language the name of Boan's Wood is "Binong". For all this time Boan
trees are protected by the Community with Unwritten rules. So, Three are
uniwritten agreement in the Community to not cutting down of the trees.
Local wisdom and ethnic identity will be suistain if culture of Gotong royong still alive. Gotong royong or Mutual cooperation is an activity
undertaken by working without wages or salary in doing something. This
tradition up comes up because farmers in the past. Gotong royong as social
interaction is happened so that people not only recognize the environment but
recognize individuals and neighbors who are nearby as well as the creation of
harmony between the communities. Gotong royong in Sumbawa society can be seen
in the form of several activities. First of Gotong royong in maintaining
security, "Ronda" or nightwatch is activities of a group of people
who made a deal to secure the evenings in the area in which the people who have
made the deal from 00.00 am to 05.00 am Ronda as a security team duty but this was done by people themselves who
live in that area without any fees or salary of the agreement that has been
determined. "Pos ronda" is use as a gathering place and as a patrol
officer. After that, Gotong royong in the development of village infrastructure
by the community. Sumbawa infrastructure development accelerated with the
direct involvement of the Community. Although, most people are farmers but they
also have the ability to build infrastructure such as the gutter, fence, even
building and renovation of house. Gotong royong in making home is done jointly
by the public without any payment or salary but Social interaction is happened.
Thirdly Gotong royong in harvest crops, for a full day the whole community will
be collected on a farm to be harvested, land owners role as supervisor and
other community role as workers, these activities will be carried out every day
during the harvest time in different land with different land owners. So, that
acts of a supervisor and subordinate also will be different every day.
By :
Mochammad Isro Alfajri
Undergraduete Student of Biotechnology
Sumbawa University of Technology
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